Отметьте следующие утверждения как T (true), т.е. верные, если они соответствуют содержанию текста и F (false), т.е. неверные, если они не соответствуют содержанию текста (копия):1. In 1952, a major computing company took a decision
to get out of the business of _________. They believed that there was only
a market for four mainframes in the world. That company was IBM. The following
year they reversed their decision.
2. In 1980, IBM decided that there was a market for
250,000 PCs, so they set up a special team to develop their first IBM PC. It
went on sale in 1981 and ________ which, over the next ten years, was only
seriously challenged by one other company, Apple computers. Since then, over
ninety million PCs made by IBM and other manufacturers have been sold. Over
this period, PCs have become commodity items. Since IBM made the design
non-proprietary, ________.
3. The history of the multi-billion dollar PC industry
has been one of mistakes. Xerox Corporation funded the initial research on personal
computer in their Palo Alto laboratory in California. However, the company
failed to capitalize on this work, and the ideas that they put together went
into the operating system developed for Apple’s computers. This was a graphical
interface: using a mouse, the user clicks on icons ________.
4. The first IBM PC was developed using existing
available electrical components. With IBM’s badge on the box it became the
standard machine for large corporations to purchase. When IBM were looking for
an operating system, they went initially to Digital Research _________ –
these are operating systems in which the users type in commands to perform a
function. When the collaboration between IBM a Digital Research failed, IBM
turned to Bill Gates, then 25 years old, to write their operating system.
5. Bill Gates founded Microsoft on the basis of the
development of MS/DOS, the initial operating system for IBM PC. Digital
Research continued to develop their operating system, DR/DOS, widely considered
to be a better product than Microsoft’s. However, ________, it became a
minor player in the market.
6. The original IBM PC had a minimum of 16K of memory, ________, and ran with a processor speed of 4,77MHz. Ten years later, in
1991, IBM were making PCs with 16Mb of memory, expandable to 64Mb, running with
a processor speed of 33MHz. The cost of
buying the hardware came down considerably __________. Large companies are
considering running major applications on PCs, something, which twenty years
ago, no one would have believed possible of a PC.
7. The widespread availability of computers has in all
probability changed the world for ever. The microchip technology __________
has put chips not only into computers, but also into washing machines and cars.
Some books may never be published in paper form, ____________.
8. Networks of computers are now being used to make
information available on a world wide scale.