LISE MEITNER: THE PHYSICIST WHO NEVER LOST HER HUMANITY
1. Until 1938, scientists did not even think that a neutron could split an atom's core. Nobody could imagine that nuclear fission would be used in power plants and atomic bombs. Otto Hahn discovered nuclear fission and got the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1945. Unfortunately, his colleague Lise Meitner was not even mentioned.
2. Lise Meitner was born in Vienna in 1878. She was the third of eight children in a Jewish family. During her school years, Lise showed an interest in mathematics and natural sciences. Her father, a lawyer and a famous chess player, hired private teachers for her. From 1892 to 1901, the girls in Vienna were not allowed to enter universities, so Lise had some difficulties in getting her higher education. In 1901, however, the situation changed, and she managed to enter the University of Vienna. In 1906, she got her PhD in Physics.
3. In 1907, Lise went to the University of Berlin to attend Max Planck's lectures on theoretical physics, but as she was a woman, she wasn't given a permission to work in the same laboratory as men. In Berlin, Lise met Otto Hahn who was conducting experiments in radioactivity. They worked together for 30 years. They achieved great results in nuclear physics. In 1926, Meitner became a professor at the University of Berlin. For their achievements in science from 1924 to 1934, Meitner and Hahn were nominated for the Nobel Prize eight times.
4. By 1937, Meitner and Hahn had identified several new radioactive elements. Together with the analytical chemist Fritz Strassmann, they were working on nuclear fission. Their colleague from Italy, Enrico Fermi, produced radioactive isotopes by bombarding uranium with neutrons. None of them, however, could say whether these isotopes were transuranic elements.
5. In 1938, Hitler came to power and all Jews were fired from the university. Lise had to move to Denmark and then to Sweden. By her initiative, Hahn and Strassmann kept on carrying out experiments, and they discovered nuclear fission in their laboratory in Berlin. But the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was given to Hahn alone. It was Meitner who solved the mystery, and Hahn only proved her ideas by experimenting. He never shared his glory with Lise. In 1966, however, Meitner and her colleagues were awarded the US Fermi Prize.
6. She had no idea that her discovery could be used to make lethal weapon and refused to take part in its development.
7. Meitner died in 1968. In 1992, a new element was named "Meitnerium" after Lise Meitner, thus she received a deserved recognition.
Match the information in the following statement to the correct paragraph in the passage (3, 4, 5, 6):
In order to escape a concentration camp, Lisa left Germany and fled to Denmark.