40 You are going to read the text about Doctor Brandreth. For questions 40-45, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text.A nose for businessA. The year 1807 was a year to reckon with, a year to remember, It was the year of Beethoven's Emperor Concerto, and of the birth of great men like Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln. In that same year my great-great-grandfather was born in Yorkshire. Benjamin Brandreth started life as a nobody but he ended it seventy-one years later, 3000 miles away in very different circumstances.B. Doctor Brandreth was a patent medicine man. He claimed his pills were lifesavers and they made him a fortune. They were a mixture of gums and aloes, sarsaparilla, bitter apple, peppers and white Castile soap. They were laxatives. So was he a confident trickster? Well, he called himself a doctor when he wasn't one, and he called himself Brandreth when his father's name was Daubeney. But that's perhaps forgivable. His fat her, William Daubeney, was a Catholic, and his mother, Anne Brandreth, a Quaker. They were married but it was a union neither welcomed nor recognized by the Daubeneys. When Mr Daubeney disappeared from the scene, Anne married a second time, a Mr Holmes. My great-great-grand father was brought up using his stepfather's surname. He spent part of his childhood with his maternal grandfather, another so-called Doctor Brandreth, and it is this gentleman who is said to have first formulated a little vegetable pill with amazing curative powers. So, young Benjam in apparently learned pill- making at his grandfather's knee.C. The boy had a nose for business and an eye for the ladies. He married his first wife, Harriet, when he was just eighteen. Benjamin and Harriet had four children in quick succession and the family pill business was proving fruitful, too. But pill-peddling in the early years of the19th century wasn't a pushover. There was competition - and hostility. The British medical establishment, more used to prescribing blood letting, mercury and arsenic, regarded the unqualified patent-pill men as quacks. Benjamin decided to leave the country.D. In 1835, aged only twenty-five, and equipped with nothing more than ambition and the recipe for his grandfather's medicine, the young man set out from Liverpool for the New World. When Benjamin Holmes set sail, he would have been considered lucky to have actually got on board the ship because Liverpool was notorious for its 'sharpers' - undesirables who tried to rip the tens of thousands of passengers off before they even boarded.E. But Benjamin was a risk-taker and when he got off the ship, he had reinvented himself as Doctor Brandreth of New York. The youthful entrepreneur presented himself to the learned elders of the Eclectic Medical College of New York City, who, after due examination, awarded him a small alphabet soup* of academic distinctions. Within weeks of disembarkation,a notice appeared on the front page of The Sun, New York's leading daily newspaper, advertising his services for those requiring medical aid for an extensive list of complaints, and outlining his consultation hours. You name it, Doctor Brandreth cured it.F. There were already many competing patent medicines on the market but Brandreth's advertising was very unique and very forceful. He more or less invented the concept of the 'brand'. Everything he owned carried his name and his signature. He was the pioneer of getting your name across. He took to the road, touring with his pills and his props, including an enormous tapeworm that he kept in a gigantic jar. It was proof positive of the efficacy of his potent little pills.G. He even caught the greatest showman of the day a thing or two. P. T. Barnum visited Benjamin,and across the top of the building he noticed an enormous billboard, with gold letters advertising 'Brandreth's universal vegetable pills'. Barnum was fascinated because billboards in New York were never that size and this was really an eye-catcher. It was the advertising hoarding of its day. Barnum decided that advertising was like learning; a little was a dangerous thing.H. But perhaps the key business relationship of Brandreth's life was with the Gordon Bennetts: the founders of the New York Herald. The family was having trouble financing the paper and up turned Doctor Brandreth with his pills and poured money into advertising in the paper - keeping it afloat and funding the birth of popular journalism. However, nine months later, when Brandreth withdrew his advertising, James Gordon Bennett, with an amazing show of principle, immediately exposed him as a charlatan. Despite this, in his first year in America, Brandreth sold pills to the tune of $90,000. He was giving people what they wanted. Why risk going to the doctor when you cou ld be cured with a pill? In his day, doctors were expensive, and conventional medicine didn't amount to much. Most Americans ate rich and starchy foods which they consumed at great speed so people needed laxatives as never before. Brandreth was the right man, in the right place, with the right product, at the right time. He was a pioneer with energy and focus, and a prince among marketeers. He became a New York State Senator, a multi-millionaire and a household name.* soup containing pasta in the shape of letters of the alphabetWhat is suggested in the first two paragraphs about Doctor Brandreth?